1. Excuse me: used as a polite apology in various contexts, such as when attempting to get someone's attention, asking someone to move so that one may pass, or interrupting a speaker.
E. g. Excuse me, May I get by.
2. Pardon: a request to a speaker to repeat something because one did not hear or understand it.
E. g. Pardon, please. There's too much noise here.
3. Sorry:
A. When you accidentally do something wrong. For example, you drop something, or you step on someone accidentally.
E. g. I'm sorry, I was just trying to get up.
B. When you are trying to request someone to do something.
E. g. Sorry, would you mind shifting to the next seat?
4. What!?: This is an informal way of saying 'Excuse me'. Also, it is more often used in a negative, surprised or interrogative tone.
E. g. Jack: I didn't get your book. I thought I could keep it longer.
Mark: What!? We have an exam tomorrow! How am I going to study now!
5. Forgive me: when you have to leave in the middle of a meeting, or get away from a gathering to attend another one.
E. g. Forgive me, I will need to go now. I have to attend a meeting at 5.
6. I beg your pardon: When you don't get what the other person just said.
E. g. I beg your pardon. Could you repeat the number?
Note: After burping, sneezing etc. , you could say "excuse me", although you could also use "I'm sorry. "
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